Communal Living in Russia > Site Map

Video Tours

[top] Scenes from Feature Films

Scenes from Our Neighbors
Scenes from Five Evenings
Scenes from Strange Grownups
Scenes from The Pokrov Gate
A scene from A Dog's Heart
From The Magic Power of Art

[top] Tour 1. Where Daddy Used to Live

1. Stairwell
2. Hallway & Kitchen
3. The Roof Garden
4. Where He Slept
5. At Auntie Asya's

[top] Tour 2. Where I Used to Live

1. Stairwell
2. Kitchen
3. Who Pays and Cleans?
4. Repairs
5. Washroom
6. Lavatory & Hallway
7. The Empty Room
8. Partition

[top] Tour 3. Apartment 30

1. I Won't Do Anything Else
2. Cooking Saltimbocca
3. Anna Matveevna
4. Nina Vasilievna
5. A Room for Her Daughter
6. A New Shower

[top] Tour 4. Smaller Apartments

1. No Hallway, No Bath Either
2. A Rented Room With Icons
3. If All This Were Yours...

[top] Tour 5. Our Neighbors

1. Kamila, Lena, and Yulya
2. Over A Cup of Tea
3. Who Lived Here Before the Revolution?
4. I Know Their Footsteps
5. There Shouldn't Be Any Communal Apartments
6. The Archangel Michael
7. How Many Tenants?
8. We Laughed and Cried
9. Jew Rugs
10. Edik the Cabinetmaker

[top] Tour 6. Thefts and Losses

1. Robbers and Ghosts
2. Who Paid for the Lock?
3. Twenty Keys

[top] Tour 7. Things That Happen

Quail Farm
Another "Empty" Room
Grandma Does the Dishes
Grandma Lights the Stove

[top] Tour 8. Stories and Thoughts

The Oldest Tenant Remembers
Carpeting on the Staircase
We're Like One Big Family
Outer City Housing Complexes

Audio

[top] Our Building: What Life Was Like

The apartment long ago
The engineer in the attic
How many residents and where they are from
Nobody thought about money

[top] Our Neighbors and Us

Switching oranges
A nail and a sweater
Helping out vs. privacy: somebody else's visitor

[top] Drunks and Drug Addicts

A stolen pair of shoes
A slippery character
The drug dealer's visitors
The good-natured drunk

[top] Humor

"In a communal apartment" by Mikhail Zhvanetsky

Essays

[top] The World of the Soviet Citizen

Communal apartments and this website
The Siege of Leningrad
Blat (connections)
Consumer goods and the family budget
The public baths
Blat (connections) in contemporary Russia
The waiting list for housing
Housing in the USSR
Residency permit
Dacha
The paternalistic state
Social benefit spending in the USSR
Property and ownership
Outer city housing complexes (Novostroiki)
Employee housing

[top] Communal Apartments

The kitchen
Naked bulbs
Cable radio
Expressing "privacy" in Russian
Not quite like family
Acceptable violations of privacy
"Justice" and the sharing of resources
"Normal" relations
The electric bill as an instrument of justice
Intimate details
How Soviet Russians understood money
Repairs and maintenance
Protected by the government
Clean and dirty
Apartment stewards
Cleaning duty
Everyday life and housing
Poverty and the quality of life
Eating and drinking

[top] Coping with Communal Life

Spying
How to get the toilet repaired
A little girl takes justice into her own hands
Envy
Drunks and drinking
Narratives and stories
Ethnography and life history
Firewood in the courtyard

[top] References and Index

Bibliography
Index to essays

[top] From Fiction

Lydia Chukovskaya. Sofia Petrovna
Mikhail Zoshchenko. "Nervous people"
Mikhail Zoshchenko. "A Summer Breather."
Mikhail Zoshchenko. "The Crisis"
Ilf and Petrov. The Little Golden Calf
Vasily Grossman. Life and Fate
Mikhail Bulgakov. A Dog's Heart
Daniil Kharms, "Myshin's Victory"

[top] From Non-fiction

In a Room and a Half
Communal Pulp Fiction
Stolen pork chops

Photos

[top] The Neighborhood

A central courtyard
A house at the corner of Bolshoy and Karpovka
Bolshoy Prospekt: theater and television tower
Bolshoy Prospekt, Tolstoy Square
Courtyard gate
Apartment building and environs
Streets
A bridge over the river

[top] Apartment I. Common Areas

Meatballs and laundry in the kitchen
Cleaning your section of a communal kitchen
Entryway and hallway
A corner of a communal kitchen
Hanging laundry on the terrace
Ilya washes teacups in the kitchen
Doorbells on an apartment door
Apartment I floor plan
The stairwell ceiling
Courtyard and rear facade of building
Window in the entrance hall
Entrance (close up)
Apartment door
A repaired banister
The people in Tours 1-3 live here
Entrance
Slippers on an bookcase
Shelves in the lavatory
Service stairwell ceiling
The kitchen, one year after the video was shot
Service entrance
Sink, pipes, and pesticide chalk
The door to where the janitor once lived
Sheets of newsprint to spread on the toilet seat
Common area cleaning schedule
Documents crucial to the life of the apartment
Kitchen floor
Two shower curtains
The back staircase leads to the courtyard
The ceiling in the "empty" room
A former resident's room, now an "empty" one
Partial view of an entryway
Pantry
Pantry

[top] Apartment I. Rooms

The holy corner on the sideboard, 2000
Apartment I floor plan
Traces of recently removed partitions
Visiting a student
Marks on the parquet from a wood stove
Entrance to a room
A room where seven people lived
Icon corner on the sideboard, 2006 (close up)
Asya sees her guests to the door
The stove is decorated with the image of a swan
Canned goods in the stove
Bedding on the sofa
Asya serving her guests
Newspaper for changing shoes
Asya's guests before drinking tea
Airing out a pillow and a blanket
Ilya visiting Asya
A tea party at Asya's
Holy corner on the sideboard, 2006
Asya fills a thermos
Auntie Asya and the carpet over the bed
"Auntie" Asya in her room

[top] Apartment II. Common Areas

Sonya with a cigarette, table, cabinet
Water-heater and soot on the wall
Half-cleaned stove
Kitchen extension
Two gas stoves
Passage to kitchen extension
Anna Matveevna in the kitchen extension
Little cabinet and table, soup
Little crocks of soup
You can wash your hair in the kitchen
The "empty" room
A corner of the kitchen: a sink and a toilet seat
The hallway of a large apartment
Work area in the kitchen of a large apartment
New pipes and hot water
Hallway between entrance and kitchen
A door serves as a bulletin board
Part of a kitchen and an open door to the hallway
Anna Matveevna's little corner in the kitchen
Doorbells on an apartment door
Slippers in the entryway with columns
Laundry on clotheslines, basins and buckets
In the lavatory
In the washroom
Apartment II floor plan
A woman in the kitchen

[top] Apartment II. Rooms

Door to Anna Matveevna's room
Pussy willows, icons, candle in a jar
Fruit and teakettles
Nina Vasilievna
Television and unplugged refrigerator
Table with teakettles (close-up)
Table with teakettles
View onto arched windows
Nina Vasilievna and her album
Teakettle, pot, bowl, thermos
Nina Vasilievna and Anna Matveevna
Iraida Yakovlevna
Mirror, lamp, icon
Sideboard, photographs
Bowl, jar, medicine, eyeglasses
Anna Matveevna
Nina Vasilievna and Anna Matveevna
Anna Matveevna's room
Anna Matveevna's sideboard
Part of a room
A hanging lamp and the plaster ceiling molding
Brass window handles and latches
Chandelier and caissoned ceiling
Window, frame and latch
Apartment II floor plan
In Iraida Yakovlevna's room

[top] Apartment III. Common Areas and Rooms

Two stoves, burnt teakettle
Loudspeaker on the wall (close-up)
Sveta and two sinks
Two sinks, sponges, soap (close-up)
Sveta and loudspeaker
Plant on windowsill, four sponges
Four stoves
The "empty" room
Table, stove, cabinet
Table, bed, cabinet
Objects on the table
Mantelpiece, table, icons (close-up)
A corner of Alla's room
Alla's desk (close-up)
Icon corner
The icon in the holy corner
The washroom in a small apartment
An antique sideboard in a communal apartment
Apartment III floor plan
Locks on a room door
Dining area delimited by furniture

[top] Apartment IV. Common Areas

Dishes, telephone, and a place to hang notes
Radio, list, telephone
Two sinks
Kitchen extension
Kitchen window
Half of kitchen
Door to the service staircase
Bathroom with a window
Two elderly residents in the kitchen
Two elderly residents in the kitchen
A room for drying laundry
Hallway
Slippers in the hallway
In the hallway
The "empty" room
Contents of the storage room (close-up)
Entrance hall, arch, wallpaper
Shoes, boots, and slippers in the hallway
Kitchen sinks
Kitchen in a large apartment
Kitchen and smoking room
Bath sponges hanging in the bathroom
Common area cleaning schedule
Different neighbors, different doorbells
Entrance to a large apartment
A room for drying laundry
Wallpaper and an old-fashioned electric cord
A door which is always locked
Apartment bills
Rent and telephone bills
Electricity corner
A door that has been through a lot
Carved arch in the entryway
Entryway with carved arch and wallpaper
On the cabinet, overflow from the storage room
A written request to neighbors
Curtain and wires
Apartment IV floor plan

[top] Apartment IV. Rooms

Kamila by the piano
Kamila, Slawomir, bicycles
Lena and her pictures
Kamila, Great Dane, leaves
A loft in Yulya's room
View of a room which has been partitioned
Furniture from various eras
A clock from a turn-of-the-century buffet
On the shelf
A basin on the parquet.
Traces of a leak on the ceiling
Part of the room in the mirror
Portable radio
Vase
Teapots on the samovar table
The brightest room in the apartment
A room with large windows
Apartment IV floor plan

[top] Apartment V. Common Areas

A clock, a model ship and a wire
Hallway, cabinets, boxes
Laundry and a hot water bottle on a line
Hallway, refrigerator, cot
Hallway, electric meter, wires
Electric meters, fuses, wires
Tables, sink, window
Table, shelf, sink
Kitchen shelves, tables
Cabinet, ladder, boxes in the hallway
Cabinet, little table, electric meter
A hallway cluttered with stuff, arch, cat
Hallway, cats, people
Hallway, arch, furniture, cats
A sign in the hallway, hung as a joke
Mailboxes at entryway, staircase
Entrance arch, Slawomir
Apartment V floor plan

[top] Apartment V. Rooms

Vadim and Lena
Slawomir, cabinet with antique dishes
Table, loft, antlers
Loft and antlers in an academic's room
Eduard and his tables
Eduard the carpenter, table, books
Eduard's books
Round stove, address plaque
A sign in a room, self-satire
An open "fortochka" window
Apartment V floor plan

[top] Apartment VI. Common Areas and Rooms

Computer and photographs
Marina's media center
Armchairs in entryway
Lena, coats
Kitchen television
Sink and sponges
Couch in kitchen
A kitchen shelf
Sink and sponges (close-up)
Stove, kitchen table, sink, and garbage pails
Multi-colored linoleum
Computer in bay window
Vlad's bed
Part of ceiling
Icon and picture
Sideboard and stove
Marina makes tea
Lena's sideboard
Marina holding a mug; stove and bookcase
Chart: Who gets to use the bathroom
Hall, storage loft
Entryway
Writing on a window
In front of the staircase and elevator
What Marina and Lena see in their entryway
Traces of decoration in the entryway of a building
Lena's and Marina's rooms
Apartment VI floor plan
Lena's door
Vlad

[top] Photographs from other apartments

Volodya's room: boxes on top of the cabinet
A baby grand between bed and refrigerator
Volodya's room: table and couch
The end of a hallway, leading to the kitchen
The corner of a kitchen with sinks and loudspeaker
Cable radio in the kitchen
Telephone corner in a small apartment
Stuff fills up the space
Part of a kitchen
A wood stove in the kitchen
Partial view of a kitchen
Doorbells on the door of a medium-sized apartment
Fixtures from a past time: socket and switch
A room rented from co-tenants
Volodya's room; door to the balcony
Partial view of a kitchen
The kitchen in a mid-sized apartment
Three bulbs in the lavatory
Towels and shoes
Three light switches
Onions on a windowsill
Kitchen, overview
Kitchen window
A column in the hallway
A little girl at the door to her room
Private versus communal space
Child in hallway
Entryway of a former dormitory
Outside the lavatory
Rules for using the bathroom
Instructions for cleaning the bathtub
Partial view of the bathroom
Request to lock the upper lock of a door
Door with hooks
An improvised refrigerator between window frames
A lavatory with a calendar on the wall
Storage room in a small apartment
A room rented by a student

[top] Archive: People in their rooms

Kamila by the piano
Lena and her pictures
Marina holding a mug; stove and bookcase
Iraida Yakovlevna
Vadim and Lena
Eduard and his tables
Anna Matveevna
"Auntie" Asya in her room
Elizaveta Vikentevna in her room

[top] Archive: Kitchens

Dishes, telephone, and a place to hang notes
Two sinks
Kitchen extension
Kitchen window
Half of kitchen
Door to the service staircase
Sink and sponges
Couch in kitchen
Sonya with a cigarette, table, cabinet
Sink with cold water faucet, detergents
Water-heater and soot on the wall
Half-cleaned stove (close-up)
Kitchen table at the window
Anna Matveevna in the kitchen extension
Little cabinet and table, soup
Little crocks of soup
Mother with a towel around her head
Sveta and two sinks
Sveta and loudspeaker
Plant on windowsill, four sponges
Four stoves
Table, shelf, sink
Meatballs and laundry in the kitchen
Cleaning your section of a communal kitchen
The corner of a kitchen with sinks and loudspeaker
Cable radio in the kitchen
Stuff fills up the space
Part of a kitchen
A wood stove in the kitchen
Partial view of a kitchen
Water heater and soot on the wall
A corner of a communal kitchen
Partial view of a kitchen
The kitchen in a mid-sized apartment
You can wash your hair in the kitchen
Lining up for the kitchen sink
Two elderly residents in the kitchen
Two elderly residents in the kitchen
Kitchen sinks
Kitchen in a large apartment
Kitchen and smoking room
Ilya washes teacups in the kitchen
Heating water in a bucket
New pipes and hot water
Faucets in a kitchen
Onions on a windowsill
Kitchen, overview
Kitchen window
Sink, pipes, and pesticide chalk (close-up)
The kitchen, one year after the video was shot
Sink, pipes, and pesticide chalk
An improvised refrigerator between window frames
Kitchen floor
Pantry
A woman in the kitchen
Pantry

[top] Archive: Hallways

Hall, storage loft
Door to Anna Matveevna's room
A clock, a model ship and a wire
Hallway, cabinets, boxes
Hallway, refrigerator, cot
Cabinet, little table, electric meter
A hallway cluttered with stuff, arch, cat
A sign in the hallway, hung as a joke
The end of a hallway, leading to the kitchen
Entryway and hallway
Hallway
Wallpaper and an old-fashioned electric cord
A door which is always locked
Rent and telephone bills
A door that has been through a lot
Carved arch in the entryway
Entryway with carved arch and wallpaper
On the cabinet, overflow from the storage room
Hallway between entrance and kitchen
Slippers on an bookcase
A little girl at the door to her room
Private versus communal space
Child in hallway
Cabinets and clutter in the entryway
Request to lock the upper lock of a door
Door with hooks
Curtain and wires
Security devices on Lena's door
Locks on a room door
Partial view of an entryway

[top] Archive: "Empty" room

The "empty" room
The "empty" room
The "empty" room
Bare hooks in the empty room
Cabinets and clutter in the entryway
A written request to neighbors
Storage room in a small apartment
The ceiling in the "empty" room
A former resident's room, now an "empty" one

[top] Archive: Washrooms and lavatories

Chart: Who gets to use the bathroom
Bathroom with a window
Three bulbs in the lavatory
A room for drying laundry
Towels and shoes
Bath sponges hanging in the bathroom
Three light switches
Shelves in the lavatory
Sheets of newsprint to spread on the toilet seat
Rules for using the bathroom
Partial view of the bathroom
The washroom in a small apartment
A lavatory with a calendar on the wall
Laundry on clotheslines, basins and buckets
In the lavatory
Laundry, clean and dirty
In the washroom
A cooking pot in the washroom
A makeshift mirror
Two shower curtains
Hooks on a bathroom door

[top] City maps

City development: Leningrad, 1980
Map of Leningrad: 1976
Map of Leningrad: 1945
Map of Leningrad: 1933
Map of St. Petersburg: 1917

[top] Archive: Stairwells and balconies

Staircase window, railing
Writing on a window
Mailboxes at entryway, staircase
Entrance arch, Slawomir
Doorbells on the door of a medium-sized apartment
A partially broken banister
Volodya's room; door to the balcony
Hanging laundry on the terrace
Different neighbors, different doorbells
Entrance to a large apartment
Doorbells on an apartment door
Whose bell is this?
Detail of the interior of a stairwell
Windows of top-floor communal apartments
The stairwell ceiling
Roof, balcony
Door to the roof garden and part of the terrace
Clothesline on the terrace
Window in the entrance hall
Savva and Sonya's windows, seen from the courtyard
On the roof garden
Apartment door
A repaired banister
In front of the staircase and elevator
What Marina and Lena see in their entryway
Traces of decoration in the entryway of a building
Restored stairway
Entryway of a former dormitory
The door to where the janitor once lived

Documents

[top] Notes Left for Neighbors

A note about gas
A note about a tenant's long absence
A notice about a broken shower
Don't hang up your underwear!
Sign announcing a new shower
A sign that the bathtub is in use
Concert announcement
Note about cockroaches
A note in the "empty" room
A note about proper use of the phone
A note about the kitchen window

[top] From Police Archives

A complaint against neighbors for stealing
A complaint about harassment
A complaint about assault
A complaint with a request for a police search
A complaint against neighbors
The official response to a complaint about theft
Official reply to complaint of assault
An order to investigate and take action

[top] Letters From Soviet Citizens

A proactive denunciation
A denunciation sent to a foreign consulate
A letter to Brezhnev about dachas

[top] Rules and Regulations

Rules for the use of residential premises
New Eviction Law
Requisitioning of Excess Living Space
Compulsory Apartment Consolidation
New Policy Regulations on the Occupancy...
For credits, copyright, and contact information please see the "About" page at Communal Living in Russia: A Virtual Museum of Soviet Everyday Life, http://kommunalka.colgate.edu/.
Seven apartments at a glance
See one of our neighborhoods on a Google map of St. Petersburg.
If you're looking for one of our photographs, see this display of large thumbnails.
See also our Bibliography and the alphabetical index.
In case you need to visit our museum using a device that cannot display multimedia, note these text-only pages: Photographs; Videos; Sound Recordings; Documents; and Essays.
 
Apartment I floor plan
Floor plan of the apartment from Tours 1-2 (all clips), home to "auntie" Asya, Ekaterina Sergeevna, Masha, Sveta, and Natasha. 2006.

 
Apartment II floor plan
Floor plan of the apartment from Tour 3 (all clips), home to Sasha, Yulia, Tatyana, Iraida Yakovlevna, Anna Matveevna, Nina Vasilievna, Sonya, and Savva. 2006.

 
Apartment III floor plan
Floor plan of the apartment that is home to Sveta, Ksyusha, and Alla Ignatevna (clips 1-2 in Tour 4 and 5-6 in Tour 5). 2006.

 
Apartment IV floor plan
Floor plan of the apartment that is home to Kamila, Lena, and Yulya from the clip "Kamila, Lena, and Yulya" (Tour 5). 2006.

 
Apartment V floor plan
Floor plan of the apartment that is home to Vadim, Lena, and Eduard (clips 7-10 in Tour 5 and clip 3 in Tour 4). 2006.

 
Apartment VI floor plan
Floor plan of the apartment that is home to Marina, Lena, and Vlad from Tour 5 (clips 2-4). 2006.

 
Apartment VII floor plan
Floor plan of the apartment that is partially shown in these photographs: kitchen and hallway. (We have no video of this apartment.) 1998.

 
Who lives where
In each apartment we were able to film only some of the residents. Their faces are shown below, with brief notes about each person. The two apartment guests who appear in our videos are not listed here.
Apartment I
Eight families now live in this apartment. There was a time when eleven families lived here (about 50 people).
"Auntie" Asya, who has been living in this apartment for over forty years.
Ekaterina Sergeevna, one of the apartment's oldest residents.
Masha, the twenty-five year-old granddaughter of Ekaterina Sergeevna.
Natasha, who lived in the apartment for many years; she is visiting her daughter Masha and her mother-in-law Ekaterina Sergeevna.
Sveta, a former graduate student, who has been renting a room for over two years.
Elizaveta Vikentevna, who, with some breaks, lived in this apartment from 1924 until her death in 1999.
Tolya, one of the apartment's oldest residents.
Natasha, Tolya's wife, who has been living in this apartment for many years.
 
Apartment II
Eleven families lived in the apartment in 2006, when we filmed our videos. There was a time when 16 families lived there.
Yulya, who has lived in the apartment all her life.
Sasha, Yulya's husband, who moved here after their marriage.
Tatyana, who lives in this apartment with her six-years-old daughter Anya.
Anna Matveevna (born 1914), living here since 1929.
Nina Vasilievna, living here since she was born in 1924; she has been in her present room since 1930.
Iraida Yakovlevna, a retired janitor, who has been living here for 40 years.
Sonya, who has lived here all her life.
Savva, Sonya's brother, a student.
 
Apartment III
Nine people lived in this apartment at the time of the filming..
Sveta, a student, renting a room in the apartment.
Ksyusha, who is renting a room in this apartment.
Alla Ignatevna, who has been living in this apartment since the mid 1990s, longer than everyone else; she moved to this kommunalka from a private apartment.
 
Apartment IV
More than 15 people lived in this apartment at the time of the filming.
Galya, who has been living in this apartment for many years.
Kamila, a student from Poland, who came to St. Petersburg as a volunteer worker in a residence for disabled children; she rents a room here.
Lena, an artist, has been living here for a relatively short time (six years).
Yulya, who has been living here for a few years.
Savva, Yulya's son.
Maria Yakovlevna, the apartment's oldest tenant. Her family took up residence in the apartment in the early revolutionary period.
 
Apartment V
At the time of the filming, the apartment had nine residents. A short time ago, there were eleven people there.
Lena, who has lived her whole life in this apartment.
Vadim, Lena's husband, who has lived in this apartment over 20 years.
Eduard, who has been living in this apartment since 1979.
 
Apartment VI
At the time of filming this midsized apartment had eight residents.
Lena, who has lived in this apartment for over 25 years with her daughter Marina and the sixteen year-old grandson Vlad.
Marina, living here with her mother since she was a schoolgirl.
Vlad, Marina's sixteen year-old son, who has lived here all her life.
 
Apartment VII
(We don't see this apartment on video and have no portraits of people living in it.)
 
From Books
[top] From Fiction
[top] From Non-fiction
From Films
[top] Scenes from Feature Films
Your Tours
[top] (acspalding) Ashley's Communal Living Tour
Apartment door (photo)
Stairwell (video)
The Roof Garden (video)
Where He Slept (video)
A New Shower (video)
In the lavatory (photo)
The kitchen (text)
Partition (video)
[top] (AdvRuss) Comfort, Privacy, Security, and Identity [introduction] [assignments]
The kitchen (text)
Quail Farm (video)
In the washroom (photo)
[top] (AdvRuss) Где икона? [introduction]
[top] (AdvRuss) У вас пропадают ложки? [introduction]
[top] (AdvRuss) Она за мной присматривала [introduction]
Влад (photo)
[top] (BWilliams) Complexities of Communal Living
The Empty Room (video)
[top] (eusp) Обувь, уличная и домашняя [introduction] [assignments]
[top] (eusp) Чай и чаепития [introduction]
[top] (eusp) Любимые вещи [introduction]
На полке (photo)
[top] (eusp) Провода
[top] (J.A.R.) And To Think Three Roommates Were Bad... [introduction] [assignments]
The kitchen (text)
Cleaning duty (text)
A note about gas (document)
Spying (text)
[top] (JAYdG) Life in a Communal Apartment
The kitchen (text)
Twenty Keys (video)
Nina Vasilievna (video)
Partition (video)
Where He Slept (video)
[top] (KDT1987) Conflicts in Communal Living [introduction] [assignments]
Repairs (video)
A note about gas (document)
Cleaning duty (text)
In the washroom (photo)
Washroom (video)
[top] (MAA) Kitchen Conflicts
The kitchen (text)
[top] (NVR) Everyday Life in a Kommunalka
Stairwell (video)
Kitchen (video)
The kitchen (text)
Washroom (video)
Jew Rugs (video)
Dacha (text)
[top] (RUS233) Communal Apartments [assignments]
Stairwell (video)
[top] (RUS233-13) Communal Apartments in Russian culture
The kitchen (text)
In the lavatory (photo)
[top] (yurchie) The care of Russian buildings [introduction] [assignments]
Кухня (video)
Ремонт (video)